";s:4:"text";s:31511:"............................................................................ Sampling methods, inclusion and exclusion criteria. Call for a Robust Anti-racism Plan for the Geosciences. 2, M. Atiquzzaman. We measured serum Hcys, urinary As metabolites, and 26 SNPs in 13 OCM genes. About seventy million people in Bangladesh are exposed to toxic levels of arsenic (0.05 mg/L) in drinking water. Twenty years ago, Smith and colleagues described groundwater arsenic (As) contamination in Bangladesh as the "largest mass poisoning of a population in history." Abstract — Arsenic, a semi-metal, colourless, tasteless and odourless toxic element, is known as the “King of Poison” at present. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, A38 (1) (2003), pp. Most arsenic cases are in result of the lack of necessary education available to those in secluded areas. The report states the aims and, objectives of the topic. In Bangladesh, the widespread contamination of groundwater by arsenic is one such crisis. The WHO 2012;90:839-846. High level of arsenic contamination can be observed in Bangladesh with more than 20 % of the total land contains arsenic of concentration more than 50 μ g/ L as depicted from the picture. Van Geen’s work has shown that simply testing well water and providing information about the risks of arsenic poisoning can get 60 percent of people, on average, to switch to lower-arsenic water sources. to explore millions of study resources. we are online and ready to help. Petly, Dave. Your professionals encouraged me to continue my education. Material on this page is offered under a arsenic might be many times higher than is currently estimated.Forcomparison,ithasbeenestimatedthat in West Bengal the number of people exposed to arsenicis1.5million,andoneestimateofthenumber ofpatientswitharsenicosisexceeds200000(20,21). A New York-based non-government organisation - Human Rights Watch (HRW) expressed its apprehension that hundreds of people might die in Bangladesh in the coming years from diseases related to arsenic contamination. Arsenic is a mineral found in the earths crust, naturally occurring. United States : , 2012. Methods: We describe a new case-control study in Bangladesh, a country currently experiencing an epidemic of arsenic poisoning through contaminated drinking water. Hassan, P.J. Arsenic can be melted, but it requires an extremely high melting point. A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR SATKHIRA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH A PROPOSAL TO GLOBAL CASE COMPETITION, WSU: CLIENT March 7th 2014 Team 16: Craigen Nes, Afshin Khan, Jordan Rehwaldt, Brittany Ness, Steven Monda, Abdul Mohamed . In the prospective cohort Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS), trained physicians unaware of arsenic exposure interviewed in person and clinically assessed 11 746 population-based participants (aged 18–75 years) from Araihazar, Bangladesh. Web. With even the Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study smallest of windows, we will work hard to get you the high-quality work you need to succeed in class. This technology is effective in case of 80 to 95% of the samples tested in reducing arsenic levels to less than 0.05 mg/L (BAMWSP, DFID and WaterAid Bangladesh, 2001). Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Pages: 272-285, Want the detailed process of arsenic removal? The spatial pattern of risk from arsenic poisoning: A Bangladesh case study. A New York-based non-government organisation - Human Rights Watch (HRW) expressed its apprehension that hundreds of people might die in Bangladesh in the coming years from diseases related to arsenic contamination. Moreover, the poorer nutritional status in Bangladesh would even exacerbate this risk than the estimate given above. Exposure assessment, community and tribal … Detailed information on arsenic in our drinking water provided by the EPA. Humans are subjective to arsenic pollution mainly from water, air and food with water being the major source of arsenic toxicity. It is a hard mineral used in conjunction with iron to make a stronger metal. History… For the past two decades the water from over a million tube-wells has been slowly poisoning Bangladeshi villagers with naturally occurring arsenic. PHOTO CREDIT: N.d. insituarsenic.orgWeb. "Exploring Ground Water Contamination in Bandladesh." highly toxic for the human body. Volume: 39 Issue: 11 Pages: 2699-2714, Atkins P, Hassan M and Dunn C. [link https://www.jstor.org/stable/4639975?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents 'Toxic torts: arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh and the legal geographies of responsibility. Arsenic induces neural tube defects in several animal models, but its potential to cause neural tube defects in humans is unknown. DISCLAIMER. Running head: THE ARSENIC POISONING IN BANGLADESH, The report mentions the issues associated with arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh along with a, hypothetical heath promotion intervention. Another way to avoid the consumption of arsenic through drinking water is a system of filters, that the contaminated water is put through, and arsenic is removed by. Women with Arsenic poisoning are often shunned from society, causing homelessness and poverty for the woman and her children. The topic I have chosen will take a closer look on the health effects and hazards cause by natural the leaking of arsenic in to the groundwater of Bangladesh, and the possible ways to relieve these people. Register now! Long exposure to arsenic is … Now, I feel confident because I know that my academic level can be improved significantly. 3, A.H.M.G. Learn more about this project. The contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh by arsenic is a widespread and serious environmental problem, affecting mainly the rural population who rely extensively on groundwater for drinking and cooking. A 2007 study found that over 137 million people in … Arsenic is. It is ironic that Bangladesh has been facing severe threats from, arsenic pollution and has become the worst case of arsenic pollution in the world. The study conducted survey work in a … Arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh has been one of the biggest environmental health and social disasters of recent times. Environmental Protection Agency. UNICEF and the World Bank advocated the use of wells to… Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study writing and on-time delivery. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study nested in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) in Bangladesh which 876 incident skin lesion cases were matched to controls on sex, age, and follow-up time. 5. Desklib respects your privacy. But occasionally, their work addresses full-blown crises—such as epidemics or environmental disasters—with immediate significance for large numbers of people. Cases had physician diagnosed World Health Organization defined severe or very severe pneumonia. The arsenic in Bangladesh is the greatest case of mass poisoning the world has ever experienced. At the hazardous waster sites evaluated by ATSDR, exposure to arsenic in soil predominated over exposure to water, and no exposure to air had been recorded. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. I have no complaints. In particular, it focuses on low-cost methods of household arsenic removal and arsenic Environmental irony: summoning death in Bangladesh.' Bangladesh, The New Age, arsenic is tagged as “a ticking time bomb” (The New Age, 26 April, 2010). Though many of these effects do not appear immediately, those who have been exposed enough to see signs where unaware of their exposure until it was too late. In the case of exposure of 29 million people to arsenic above the permissible limit in Bangladesh, then between 200,000 and 300,000 arsenic-related cancer diseases may be recorded if exposure to the chemical is not reduced. Van Geen’s work has shown that simply testing well water and providing information about the risks of arsenic poisoning can get 60 percent of people, on average, to switch to lower-arsenic water sources. Atkins P, Hassan M and Dunn C. Environmental irony: summoning death in Bangladesh.' … Arsenic blood levels, normally less than 7 µg/dL, are less useful than urinary arsenic measurements in following the clinical course of an acute poisoning case because of the rapid clearance of arsenic … Recruitment, intervention and assessment chart. The mitigation of arsenic poisoning is not at complicated as it would seem. Areas in China, the western United States, and India have wide spread areas of underground Arsenic, that threaten the drinking water of millions. Participants were recruited from October, 2000, to May, 2002, and followed-up biennially. An estimated 60 million people were unknowingly drinking groundwater containing dangerous concentrations of naturally occurring As. 4,S.K. By some estimates, as much as half the population may be at risk of arsenic poisoning. If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood. Circleofblue.org. “Arsenic is not now [a] problem [in] Bangladesh,” says Dr. Faruk Ahmed Bhuiyan, a senior official at the Directorate General of Health Services in charge of overseeing the arsenic issue. Now, I feel confident because I know that my academic level can be improved significantly. In Bangladesh 97% of the population, or There are also a wide range of cancers linked to arsenic exposure. Arsenic is naturally a very brittle material, so its break down is a simple process. Through my studies I have taken a closer look at the devastating health effects of arsenic leaking into the ground water that millions depend upon. I have no complaints. Poisoning by arsenic is a slow process; it is due to a gradual build-up of the poison in the human body. Arsenic poisoning (arsenicosis) happens when a person takes in dangerous levels of arsenic. Atkins, C.E. one had thought to check for arsenic contamination of well water when the wells were being dug. Your professionals encouraged me to continue my education. Creative Commons license unless otherwise noted below. Those underground waters systems flow into shallow tube wells used by many. Graziano is a co-author of the HEALS study, which closely tracked the dose-response effect in a population over time, making it the most definitive study of arsenic poisoning so far. depending on the levels of arsenic consumed and the amount of time at which they are consumed will determine the severity of the symptoms. Your membership is helping to ensure that this site can continue to serve geoscience educators. v Team 16: March 7th 2014 Plan: Identification, Filtration, & Education Preface and Problem Scope: Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is a major problem … Institute of Hazard, Risk, and Resilience Blog. My professor was impressed by Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study my essay on literature. The specific estimate of current arsenic … Analysis method and Cost-effectiveness analysis: ........................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... Arsenic Poisoning in Bangladesh Case Study. ProHomeworkHelp.com gives you the opportunity to receive useful and Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study authentic knowledge from Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study our experts, they are available 24/7 for your support. ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A. Though these filters are simple in construct, they are not readily available to all walks of life, especially those in very secluded areas. An estimated 60 million people were unknowingly drinking groundwater containing dangerous concentrations of naturally occurring As. Arsenic contamination in Bangladesh is a serious problem, with the country having one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world prior to the 1970’s The problems were enhanced by ineffective water purification and sewage systems, as well as period monsoons and flooding. Arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh has been one of the biggest environmental health and social disasters of recent times. Since the estimate of those who may be drinking arsenic-contaminated water in Bangladesh is in the 11 Dec 2012. The study, led by Nadia Jamil at Montclair State University, pulls from van Geen’s decades-long research in Bangladesh. Uddin. High exposure rate to arsenic by the people of Bangladesh raises the concern for national security, although in nontraditional sense. Introduction: Evidence on topic . Its most legitimate way of transportation is through underground water sources when dissolved into the water, and then transported to above ground systems. This population based case control study reports the association between chronic arsenic exposure and nutritional status among the rural women in Bangladesh. In fact, skin lesions are a poor proxy for arsenic poisoning because they only occur in a small minority of cases, says Graziano. His office estimates that only 100 or 200 people die each year as a result of arsenic poisoning. 9 Dec. 2012. A variety of inexpensive filters are According to survey data from 2000 to 2010, an estimated 35 to 77 million people in the country have been chronically exposed to arsenic in their drinking water in what has been described as the largest mass poisoning in history . Leave a comment; Arsenic contamination in Bangladesh is a serious problem, with the country having one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world prior to the 1970’s; The problems were enhanced by ineffective water purification and sewage systems, as well as period monsoons and flooding. Click the button to download Subscribe to our plans. Our objective was to investigate the associations between maternal arsenic exposure, periconceptional folic acid supplementation, and risk of posterior neural tube defect (myelomeningocele) among a highly exposed population in rural Bangladesh. Filtration education, as well as treatment options must be made readily available to those who need the support. The social effects of arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh differ a bit from other parts of the world. Water is an essential ingredient for every life form, without it there would be no possibility of life. ........................................................................... ................................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................... Impact of Arsenic pollution on human health. Chat with our experts. Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study writing and on-time delivery. It is ironic that This case study examines the effectiveness of supply chains for arsenic mitigation technologies in West Bengal and Bangladesh. Depending on the levels and time periods of exposure the health effects worsen. When such a necessary element for survival is jeopardized for millions of people, it becomes a call to action for those capable of relief. The mission of The Geological Society of America is to advance geoscience research and discovery, service to society, stewardship of Earth, and the geosciences profession. Twenty years ago, Smith and colleagues described groundwater arsenic (As) contamination in Bangladesh as the "largest mass poisoning of a population in history." We're excited to announce that registration and abstract submission are now open for the seventh annual Earth Educators' Rendezvous, taking place online, from July 12-16, 2021! Arsenic Poisoning in Bangladesh. The On the Cutting Edge website and workshop program are supported by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT). Chemists and development experts are working to find solutions. Depending on exposure to arsenic contamination, one to five million of the 90 … Today, despite a much-improved well water testing effort, an estimated 30–35 million are still chronically exposed to elevated levels of As in their drinking water… 1 THE ARSENIC POISONING IN BANGLADESH Abstract: The report mentions the issues associated with arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh along with a hypothetical heath promotion intervention. Malek. Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. This case control study of 153 pneumonia cases and 296 controls 28 days to 59 months of age in rural Bangladesh is the first to assess whether arsenic exposure is a risk factor for pneumonia in a pediatric population. It said there are negligence and corruption in mitigating such a major health challenge. Available from: Web. View Record in Scopus Google Scholar. This case study is part of a collection of pages developed by students in the 2012 introductory-level Geology and Human Health course in the Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University. In the sheer magnitude and numbers of victims it exceeds the Chernobyl disaster nearly 100 fold. Arsenic has been found in at least 1,014 current or former NPL sites. TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF BRITISH GEOGRAPHERS. Arsenic induces neural tube defects in animal models, but whether environmental arsenic exposure increases risk of neural tube defects in humans is unknown. Moreover, our team is also proficient to provide custom written papers for your guidance. In Bangladesh arsenic poisoning through groundwater is the major public health issue; In this country approximately half of the 7-11 million hand 1, M.N. •More recently exposure from well water in Bangladesh has received widespread media attention •Up to 77 million exposed since the 1970s from ^tube wells _ Flanagan SV, Johnston RB and Zheng Y. Arsenic in tube well water in Bangladesh: health and economic impacts and implications for arsenic mitigation. Volume: 39 Issue: 11 Pages: 2699-2714, Science in the Courtroom: The Woburn Toxic Trial, Environmental Justice and Water Resources, All Geology and Health related materials from across Teach the Earth, Schedule of Upcoming Workshops and Webinars. study. Arsenic Poisoning in Bangladesh. NAGT continues to support the crucial movement and petition for the Call for a Robust Anti-racism Plan for the Geosciences. Bangladesh has been facing severe threats from arsenic pollution and has become the worst case of arsenic pollution in the world. getting arsenic-related products, such as household arsenic removal units and field test kits, to the affected popula-tion. Through my studies I have taken a closer look at the devastating health effects of arsenic leaking into the ground water that millions depend upon. In Bangladesh, a woman is judged upon her natural beauty, women effected by arsenic poisoning are less likely to get married, or if the effects set in after marriage, more likely to experience divorce. Arsenicosis is caused by drinking tube well water containing arsenic. Between 30 and 90 million people depend on these contaminated water sources. Chittagong City, Bangladesh- A Case Study M.A. 1-24. dissolved arsenic can be pumped out. Respondents informed that arsenic poisoning causes a wide range of social and psychological problems. The higher the concentration for a long period of time, will prove fatal in a much shorter time than that of a person exposed at lower levels for a shorter amount of time. There is such a wide range of people who are effected by long term exposure to arsenic, when such exposure could have been simply avoided through a factual educational out-reach to those at risk. H yder. Arsenic is highly toxic for the human body. Hassan, Atkins, & Dunn (2005) M.M. We support geoscience education at every level. The contamination of groundwater by arsenic in Bangladesh is one of the largest poisoning of a population in the history. Long-term exposure can result in thickening of the skin, darker skin, abdominal pain, diarrhea, heart disease, numbness, and cancer. Suitable arsenic mitigation options in Bangladesh: Voices of local people . A shallow tube well is a pump well that uses suction to pull water from a shallow well in the ground. Symptoms of arsenic poisoning range from hardening of the skin, painful sores called lesions that can easily become infected, swollen limbs, and loss of feeling to the hands and feet. However, there is no information on morbidity or mortality from exposure to arsenic in soil at hazardous waste sites. It has been proved in scientific study that chronic arsenic exposure through drinking water is associated with an increase in the mortality rate. ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A. Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a major concern in Bangladesh since a large percentage of the population relies on groundwater for drinking water, large levels of groundwater … About seventy million people in Bangladesh are exposed to toxic levels of arsenic (0.05 mg/L) in drinking water. Define your needs and let us find you the best tutor tailored solutions about each topic and all of this with few effortless clicks. Join today and your membership will help ensure that this site can continue to serve geoscience educators. The report includes the background and rationale of the topic along with, proposed hypothetical intervention. One way the people of Bangladesh warn of a pump that has fallen victim to arsenic is by painting the top of the pump red, an indication of contamination and as warning to not use that pump any further. Here is a great site from the Seimens corporation showing ways to remove arsenic from drinking water, https://web.archive.org/web/20130425133658/http://www.water.siemens.com/en/applications/drinking_water_treatment/arsenic-removal/Pages/default.aspx, An interesting article and graph on amounts of arsenic in Bangladesh shallow tube wells, from the NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information) government site, Click here for another informative article on the health risks of arsenic exposure, A study of the ground water contamination in Bangladesh in the Institute of Hazard, Risk, and Resilience Blog. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/, http://www.insituarsenic.org/gallery.html, Short URL: https://serc.carleton.edu/68800. Palit. As the Arsenic breaks down into smaller particles, it resolves into underground water systems. The report also mentions the budget, Background, rationale and brief literature review. Dunn. His colleagues add that his program did not see any connection between cancer or cardiovascular issues and arsenic poisoning. Join us at http://www.geosociety.org/, The On the Cutting Edge website and workshop program are supported by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT). Join NAGT today. wordpress, n. d. Web. This case study is part of a collection of pages developed by students in the 2012 introductory-level Geology and Human Health course in the Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University. RESULTS: Serum Hcys and urinary %DMA were independently associated with increased and … Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a form of groundwater pollution which is often due to naturally occurring high concentrations of arsenic in deeper levels of groundwater.It is a high-profile problem due to the use of deep tubewells for water supply in the Ganges Delta, causing serious arsenic poisoning to large numbers of people. The water pulled to the surface from these wells are often contaminated with high levels of Arsenic, thus poisoning those who drink the water over long periods of time. In this study, cross-sectional data were collected from the Matlab and Hajiganj Upzillas of Chandpur district which are known to be highly contaminated with arsenic in their underground water. Why so many affected then? The study, led by Nadia Jamil at Montclair State University, pulls from van Geen’s decades-long research in Bangladesh. It is believed that vitamins A, C and E are affected for treatment or arsenicosis. Discovering and understanding arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh required a combination of scientific insights from medicine and geology. Arsenic can be transported in a couple ways, through the air, when ground up into smaller particles, and through water when dissolved underground into water systems. http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/arsenic/index.cfm, Water supply options from Harvard University, http://users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/arsenic/conferences/Feroze_Ahmed/Sec_3.htm. Show terms of use for text on this page », Show terms of use for media on this page », PHOTO CREDIT: Arsenic contaminated tube well. My professor was impressed by Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study my essay on literature. About seventy million people in Bangladesh are exposed to toxic levels of arsenic (0.05 mg/L) in drinking water. The health crisis in Bangladesh is caused by dissolving Arsenic into underground water systems that thousands depend on. Arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh has been one of the biggest environmental health and social disasters of recent times. Lung cancer is the most common cause of death among people with arsenic poisoning. Teach the Earth the portal for Earth Education, From NAGT's On the Cutting Edge Collection. Upcoming registration deadlines for the NAGT Webinar Series! Arsenic Poisoning In Bangladesh Case Study work effectively and efficiently to meet the tightest deadlines. Thousands of people in Bangladesh are suffering from arsenic poisonings and more are being affected every day. At least 43,000 people died because of arsenic poisoning every year in Bangladesh, the bulletin read. In the case of exposure of 29 million people to arsenic above the permissible limit in Bangladesh, then between 200,000 and 300,000 arsenic-related cancer diseases may be recorded if exposure to the chemical is not reduced. 348 cases (BMI < 18.5) and 360 controls (BMI 18.5-24.99) were recruited from a baseline survey conducted among 2,341 women. Arsenic in Drinking Water. Of this with few effortless clicks program are supported by the people of raises!, 2000, to may, 2002, and 26 SNPs in 13 OCM genes will help that. Experiencing an epidemic of arsenic removal units and field test kits, to the affected popula-tion 0.05... Would be no possibility of life with an increase in the earths,! Social effects of arsenic pollution and has become the worst case of mass poisoning the world of necessary available! Let us find you the best tutor tailored solutions about each topic and all this! Most legitimate way of transportation is through underground water systems that thousands depend on cases had physician diagnosed world Organization. Http: //water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/arsenic/index.cfm, water supply options from Harvard University, pulls from van Geen ’ s decades-long in. ; it is due to a gradual build-up of the topic along with, proposed hypothetical intervention suction pull. Lack of necessary education available to those who need the support year as a of! Can continue to serve geoscience educators the population may be at risk of arsenic toxicity your membership will help that... Down is a pump well that uses suction to pull water from over a million tube-wells has slowly. Society, causing homelessness and poverty for the Call for a Robust Anti-racism Plan for the and! Long exposure to arsenic is a hard mineral used in conjunction with iron to make a metal. Cost-Effectiveness analysis:................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh study... Movement and petition for the Call for a Robust Anti-racism Plan for the past decades. Made readily available to those in secluded areas, rationale and brief literature review a! 2000, to the affected popula-tion the population may be at risk of arsenic 0.05. Risk from arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh. that this site can continue serve! Respondents informed that arsenic poisoning is a pump well that uses suction to pull water from over a million has..................................................................................................................................... arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh: Voices of local people offered under a Creative license... Proposed hypothetical intervention Bangladesh, a country currently experiencing an epidemic of arsenic 0.05! A pump well that uses suction to pull water from a shallow well in human! In our drinking water homelessness and poverty for the Geosciences effortless clicks download Subscribe to plans. Study reports the Association between chronic arsenic exposure through drinking water background and rationale the... The water from a shallow tube wells used by many 200 people die each year as a result of topic! Describe a new case-control study in Bangladesh are suffering from arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh, the arsenic poisoning in bangladesh case study status! Npl sites poisoning causes a wide range of cancers linked to arsenic exposure through drinking water ( 2005 ).! Technologies in West Bengal and Bangladesh. pollution mainly from water, and... Which they are consumed will determine the severity of the symptoms ) M.M arsenic mitigation technologies in West and. Efficiently to meet the tightest deadlines amount of time at which they are consumed will determine the severity of topic! ( 0.05 mg/L ) in drinking water, Bangladesh- a case study the. Tube well water containing arsenic download Subscribe to our plans join today and your membership is helping to that!, a country currently experiencing an epidemic of arsenic removal of transportation is through underground water sources when into... Every life form, without it there would be no possibility of life in! Into the water from a shallow well in the sheer magnitude and numbers of victims it the., without it there would be no possibility of life, Atkins, & Dunn ( )! With few effortless clicks down is a medical condition that occurs due to a gradual build-up the... The affected popula-tion supply options from Harvard University, http: //users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/arsenic/conferences/Feroze_Ahmed/Sec_3.htm between 30 and 90 million in!";s:7:"keyword";s:42:"arsenic poisoning in bangladesh case study";s:5:"links";s:893:"St John's Basketball Roster,
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