";s:4:"text";s:13928:"It is usually produced by an industrial process. Hexavalent Chromium is the most toxic form of chromium. Hexavalent chromium (CrVI or Chromium 6) is a group of chemical compounds containing the element chromium that is odorless and tasteless. Cr(VI) is known to cause cancer. (60) TRIVALENT CHROMIUM means the form of chromiu m in a valence state of +3. (61) TRIVALENT CHROMIUM PROCESS means the process used for As a result, it was added to California's Proposition 65 list of toxic substances (pdf) in December 2008. The last few years, more and more information about the dangers of hexavalent chromium (Chromium 6) in welding fumes has surfaced. Moreover, we can symbolize chromium as Cr, but the symbol for hexavalent chromium is Cr(VI) or chromium-6. Elevated levels of hexavalent chromium (Cr-6) can sometimes be found in drinking water, but what does that mean? This paper addresses some questions regarding these new regulations. Chromium in its +6 oxidation state is known as hexavalent chromium or chromium VI. It is used in the production of stainless steel, textile dyes, wood preservation, leather tanning, and a variety of other applications. What Is Hexavalent Chromium? (1) Chromium occurs in the environment predominantly in one of two valence states: trivalent chromium (Cr III), which occurs naturally and is an essential nutrient, and hexavalent chromium … Hexavalent chromium is a regulated, toxic material that must be dealt with by implementing proper precautions. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one of the valence states (+6) of the element chromium. Chromium is a chemical element having atomic number 24. May be generated during welding on stainless steel or metal coated with chromate paint. Hexavalent chromium is used in chrome plating operations because it increases hardenability and corrosion resistance and has desirable finishing characteristics for industrial manufacturers. The key difference between chromium and hexavalent chromium is that chromium is a chemical element whereas hexavalent chromium is any compound having chromium in its +6 oxidation state. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) estimates that more than 558,000 workers in the U.S. are potentially exposed to Cr(VI). Used in electroplating (chrome plating). Reading through articles and publications, you will see hexavalent chromium identified in different ways, including: Hex Chrome, Chrome VI, CrVI and Cr 6+. Hexavalent chromium is a carcinogen and a reproductive toxicant for both males and females. Chromite is used as a raw material for the production of chromium chemicals. Contains a hexavalent chromium concentration greater than 1,000 ppm, and uses air sparging as an agitation method or is electrolytic; or (C) Is a hexavalent chromium electroplating or chromic acid anodizing tank. Hexavalent Chromium 6 is a toxic form of chromium metal used in many industrial applications, primarily for its anti-corrosive properties. Like other contaminants, the amount of Cr-6 found in water and how much of it you have consumed make the biggest difference in whether or not it is safe. The metallic element chromium can exist in three oxidation states: +2, +3 and +6, in which it forms compounds by giving two, three and six electrons, respectively, to atoms of other elements. It targets the respiratory system, liver, kidneys, skin, nose, and eyes, and is known to cause cancer and COPD 1 . Exposure to hexavalent chromium occurs through breathing, ingestion, and contact with the skin. Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is a hazardous man-made compound found in a variety of industrial processes. 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